This paper presents the results of a detailed study of the batter pile-wharf deck connection at the Port of Oakland under their Wharf and Embankment Strengthening Program (WESP). It provides insight into the failure mechanisms of the designs studied and an evaluation of their reliability.
A Study of the Pile-Wharf Deck Connection at the Port of Oakland
D. Oyenuga, E. Abrahamson, A. Krimotat, A. Kozak, T. Labasco, and F. Lobedan
in Ports 2001: American’s Ports–Gateways to the Global Economy, 2004.